Class 12 Computer Network Introduction to networks, Types of network: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN Part 3

Introduction to networks,Types of network: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN

A network refers to a collection of interconnected devices that communicate with each other to share resources and information. Networks are essential for facilitating communication, data exchange, and resource sharing between computers and other devices. They range from small local setups to expansive global systems, each serving different needs and purposes.

Types of Networks

1. Personal Area Network (PAN)

   Definition: A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a small network designed for personal use within a very limited area, typically a few meters. It connects devices like smartphones, tablets, computers, and other personal gadgets.

   Characteristics:

   • Range: Typically up to 10 meters (33 feet).
   • Purpose: Used to connect personal devices for sharing data and resources, such as syncing a smartphone with a laptop or connecting a wireless mouse.
   • Technology: Common technologies include Bluetooth and Infrared (IrDA). Wi-Fi can also be used in PANs.

   Example:

   • Home Setup: Connecting a smartphone to a laptop via Bluetooth for file transfers or pairing a wireless keyboard with a tablet.

2. Local Area Network (LAN)

   Definition: A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that covers a smaller geographic area, such as a home, office, or school. It allows devices within the area to communicate with each other and share resources like files, printers, and internet access.

   Characteristics:

   • Range: Typically up to several hundred meters within a building or campus.
   • Purpose: Provides high-speed connectivity for devices within a specific location. Used for sharing resources, accessing centralized data, and providing internet access.
   • Technology: Technologies include Ethernet (wired) and Wi-Fi (wireless).

   Example:

   • Office Network: An office network where computers, printers, and servers are connected via Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi, allowing employees to access shared files and printers.

3. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

   Definition: A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a network that spans a city or a large campus. It connects multiple LANs within a metropolitan area, facilitating communication and resource sharing across a broader region.

   Characteristics:

   • Range: Typically covers a city or large campus, up to 50 kilometers (31 miles).
   • Purpose: Used to connect different buildings or offices within a city, often used by organizations with multiple locations.
   • Technology: Technologies can include leased lines, fiber optics, and wireless connections.

   Example:

   • City-Wide Network: A network connecting various branch offices of a corporation spread across a city, allowing for seamless communication and data sharing between them.

4. Wide Area Network (WAN)

   Definition: A Wide Area Network (WAN) is a network that covers a large geographic area, potentially spanning cities, countries, or even continents. It connects multiple LANs and MANs, enabling communication and data exchange over long distances.

   Characteristics:

   • Range: Can cover vast areas, from regional to global distances.
   • Purpose: Facilitates communication between geographically dispersed locations and provides access to resources and services over long distances.
   • Technology: Technologies include leased lines, satellites, public internet, and private WAN solutions like MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching).

   Example:

   • Global Internet: The internet itself is a WAN that connects millions of LANs and MANs worldwide, allowing users to access websites, email, and other online services from anywhere on the globe.

Summary

• PAN (Personal Area Network): Very small network for personal devices, usually within a few meters, using technologies like Bluetooth.
• LAN (Local Area Network): Network covering a small area like a home or office, used for high-speed connectivity and resource sharing within that location, typically using Ethernet or Wi-Fi.
• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Network spanning a city or large campus, connecting multiple LANs within a metropolitan area for broader resource sharing.
• WAN (Wide Area Network): Extensive network covering large geographic areas, connecting multiple LANs and MANs, facilitating long-distance communication and data exchange.